‘The Man Who Saved the Union’

There’s a new Grant biography out, and this review makes it sound like a worthwhile read. Personally, I’m not sure I need another biography, his memoirs are well written and informative enough to provide me with most of the details of his life worth knowing. I did, though, love this summary of the Grant’s Tomb quandary: How did he end up buried in New York, and in a crappy part of town, at that?

That his tomb is there in the first place is typical of Grant’s poor judgment about matters off the battlefield. If it had been placed in Washington, it would be a gleaming national tourist attraction, perhaps placed close to the Lincoln or the Jefferson memorial, where he belongs, but the president and Mrs. Grant did not care for Washington, D.C. Galena, Ill., was eager to have Grant’s tomb, but the Grants did not think Galena was the right place to bury America’s most successful general and did not look back with pleasure on the years during which Grant, having resigned from the Army and failed at several professions, worked as clerk in his father’s harness store in Galena wrapping parcels and was ridiculed as the town drunk. Grant rejected West Point, his alma mater, because regulations precluded Mrs. Grant from being buried beside him when her time came, and since Grant was never happy when separated from Julia (he did not drink when they were together), he was unwilling to be separated from her in death. They chose New York City instead, and with the mournful lack of judgment that afflicted Grant whenever real estate or money were concerned, they made the mistake of believing that the Upper West Side was the coming neighborhood and with its view over the Hudson was sure to be the most elegant part of the city, the equivalent of Paris’s 16eme arrondisement or London’s Belgravia, not imagining that they were consigning their remains to a part of New York that would become famous for gang warfare and drug dealing, where no sensible person goes out for a walk at night.

via ‘The Man Who Saved the Union’ by H.W. Brands: The Forgotten General Grant – The Daily Beast.

Milton Bradley

Here is a sterling example of why I subscribe to Google Alerts, despite the links they return being 99% fluff or irrelevant: A random blogger made mention of this fascinating fact, Google Alerts picked it up, and now Wikipedia confirms. Turns out, there is a Civil War connection to that board game sitting in your closet! Who knew?

Milton Bradley’s ventures into the production of board games began with a large failure in his lithograph business. When he attempted to print and sell copies of the presidential nominee Abraham Lincoln, Bradley initially met with great success. After they were released for sale, a customer contacted him calling it a fraud and demanding his money back because the picture was not an accurate representation of Lincoln, who had decided to grow his distinctive beard after Bradley’s print was published. Suddenly, the prints were worthless, and Bradley burned those remaining in his possession.[1] In search of a lucrative alternative project in which to employ his drafting skills, Bradley found inspiration from an imported board game given to him by a friend. Concluding that he could produce and market a similar game to American consumers, Milton Bradley released The Checkered Game of Life in the winter of 1860.

via Milton Bradley – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

William Still and the Underground Railroad

A short biography of William Still includes this little Underground Railroad glossary. I’m all about the words this week, it seems.

Named after the emerging steam railroad system, the Underground Railroad used many of the same railroading terms. Those who went south to find slaves looking for freedom were called “pilots.” Those who guided them along the way were “conductors.” The runaways were called “passengers.” Those who gave money or supplies were called “stockholders.” Buildings where slaves could rest and hide were called “stations”—these could be private homes, churches or places of business.

via William Still and the Underground Railroad – New York Amsterdam News: NIE.

The Galvanized Yankee

Henry Stanley’s fascinating biography and his astonishing Civil War connections. Totally worth the counts-against-article-quota NY Times click.

By switching sides Henry became one of the first of 6,000 so-called Galvanized Yankees to switch from wearing gray to blue. Galvanized, because the process of galvanization coats the gray surface of steel with a thin layer of bluish zinc — though the underlying metal is the same. To avoid fighting former comrades, the great majority of Galvanized Yankees were sent west to deal with unruly American Indians. But since Stanley was a recent immigrant, his Illinois unit was sent to Virginia. Along the route he suffered the effects of Camp Douglas germs and was hospitalized at Harper’s Ferry on June 22.

This was not the first time Stanley had demonstrated his adaptability. In 1859 he arrived in New Orleans as 18-year-old John Rowlands; he quickly abandoned his Liverpool-assigned cabin boy job and disappeared into the city. He didn’t have much to leave behind; John’s mother was a Welsh prostitute, his father’s identity is unknown. He was raised by his maternal grandfather, until the man died five years later. From then on, like someone straight from Dickens Productions central casting, he lived mostly in a “workhouse,” a home for able-bodied indigents who performed generally difficult contract work to earn their keep.Somehow young John managed to get some education along the way.

Thanks to his literacy and knowledge of arithmetic, once in New Orleans he was promptly hired by a local merchant. Gradually the elderly and childless shopkeeper took a special interest in John. He advised the boy of the favorable commercial prospects for opening a store on one of the up-river Mississippi tributaries. And so, about a year later, John moved to a site near present-day Pine Bluff, Ark. to work for a local shopkeeper. But first he changed his name to a variation of a much-admired New Orleans cotton-trader: John Rowlands became Henry Morton Stanley.

via The Galvanized Yankee – NYTimes.com.

Gov. William Buckingham

I’m familiar with a few Civil War state governors, but William A. Buckingham’s name was new to me.  Funny how venerable men can fade from history as the years pass.

The story goes that President Abraham Lincoln was at work in the White House executive office one day when he was interrupted by a visitor from Connecticut.

Rising from his chair, the lanky, care-worn president clamped his hand down on the man’s shoulder and exclaimed: “From Connecticut? Do you know what a good governor you have got?”

Lincoln knew well what Connecticut today has largely forgotten: Its Civil War governor, William Alfred Buckingham, was one of the greatest leaders in the state’s long history.

One of only four Union governors to serve throughout the entire Civil War, Buckingham proved an able, energetic administrator, a staunch and often eloquent opponent of slavery and a vital supporter of the Lincoln administration. His decisiveness and political courage in the days immediately following Fort Sumter assured that Connecticut was among the first states to answer Lincoln’s call for volunteers to put down the Southern rebellion.

When the crisis refused to die quickly, Buckingham’s administration worked tirelessly over the next four years to raise and supply troops…

For years afterward, Buckingham Day observances were held. But today, Buckingham’s legacy has been largely forgotten.

via Gov. William Buckingham: Gov. William Buckingham, Faded From History, Played National Role During Civil War – Hartford Courant.

Martin Delany

In early 1865 Delany was granted an audience with Lincoln. He proposed a corps of black men led by black officers who could serve to win over Southern blacks. Although a similar appeal by Frederick Douglass had already been rejected, Lincoln was impressed by Delany and described him as “a most extraordinary and intelligent man.”

To say the least!  Reading Martin Delany’s biography reminds me of a memorial plaque I saw in Paris, chronicling the life of a poor orphan boy who grew into one of the greatest generals of his time, with a truckload of other major accomplishments along the way.   Most “Great Men” have a much shorter CV than Delany’s, yet his name has not been remembered as well as others from his day.  It’s worth a read of this bio to make up for that.

via Martin Delany – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Buchanan, Lame-O

Ignore the chuckle-seeking headline and take a look at this helpful little biography of James Buchanan.  Here is a man who earned his place on every Worst Presidents Ever list (including this one – my favorite).  By the end, you’ll be calling him “lame-o”, too.

Part of the reason Buchanan got the party nomination in the presidential race of 1856 was that he was the least of three evils. President Millard Fillmore, of the Whig “Know Nothing” party, ran for re-election and was challenged by John C. Fremont, the Republican nominee. Both Fremont and Fillmore had been tainted, however, by the Civil War-like conditions over the Kansas question. Namely, should Kansas enter the Union as a free state or a slave state?

Buchanan had been out of the country for most of the fighting over Kansas, serving three years as Minister to England. He beat Fremont by only half a million votes; Fillmore got about 900,000 votes. Fremont carried eleven free states, Buchanan only five. But Buchanan carried every slave state except Maryland.

It’s possible that Buchanan doomed his own presidency early on, simply by announcing that he would not seek re-election in 1860. That made him a not-quite-lame duck, and the party leadership passed to Senator Stephen Douglas.

via Happy Birthday, President Buchanan, You Lame-O | Who2 Biographies.

Unknown No More

NPR puts a name to an unknown soldier. This is a fascinating piece of modern detective work.

Now that we had the regiment, the next step was to visit the New York soldiers index, where a search in the National Parks Service Soldier and Sailors Database turned up four possibilities with the right initials: Thomas Abbott, Thomas Adams, Thomas Ardies and Thomas Austin.

Our next stop was visiting Vonnie Zullo, a professional researcher who does a great deal of her work at the National Archives in Washington.

At the Archives, we pull the pension files and military service records of our four soldiers — all with the first name “Thomas,” and the last initial “A.” Very quickly, Zullo rules out two of the possible candidates: Adams and Austin.

“One never actually reported to his unit,” she says. “And the other soldier was in a band — and he was 35 years old and much larger.”

And then there were two…

Unknown No More: Identifying A Civil War Soldier : NPR.

More Volck

I’m so excited to see this Adalbert Volck exhibition, which I mentioned in a previous update.  The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, of all papers, has this excellent biography of the man. (But, surprisingly, none of his cartoons.)

Volck lived nearly 50 years after the war’s end, dying in Baltimore in 1912. In a letter to the Library of Congress, which had acquired some of his etchings, Volck said a few years before his death that his “greatest regret ever was to have aimed ridicule at the great and good Lincoln.”

His remorse isn’t surprising. By the turn of the 20th century, the passions of the war years had cooled. Lincoln had become a symbol of national unity — the man who saved the Union. And many preferred to forget the unsettling role of race and slavery in bringing on the conflict and in the Reconstruction years that followed.

via Cartoonist for Confederacy made mockery of the Union – Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.

Non-Sequitur Statues

One of the many Civil War commemorations around Washington, DC, are a series of statues to the heroes of the war: Grant, Sherman, Farragut, McPherson and… Albert Pike?

Who the heck is Albert Pike? In all my years of study, I’ve never found a reason to remember that name.  A quick glance at his Wikipedia page shows us he was a pro-slavery former Know-Nothing who became a Confederate brigadier (not even a major) general, and whose wartime service was so spotty he resigned even before the war got started.

That takes care of the who, but doesn’t cover the why; Why would such a now-forgotten military figure receive such a huge honour?  Masonic influence must go a long way.  There’s no other reason I can cite for this otherwise forgettable Confederate occupying a pedestal in a city where pedestals are highly contested territory.

Albert Pike (December 29, 1809–April 2, 1891) was an attorney, Confederate officer, writer, and Freemason. Pike is the only Confederate military officer or figure to be honored with an outdoor statue in Washington, D.C.

via Albert Pike – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.